George Gershwin: reference sources (web and print); selected songs; recordings, videos; miscellany
Overview and Commentary: George Gershwin (This section remains in preparation)
A month after Gershwin's death in 1937, there was a memorial concert for him at Lewisohn Stadium in New York City, a venue where he had himself performed several times, the last occasion being not long before he died. On that occasion he had been disappointed that only a few thousand people had attended. The memorial concert drew over 20,000 a new stadium attendance record. Walter Rimler quotes the New York Times article on the concert:
Aside from the regular seating accommodations, every extra inch of space had been utilized for the expected overflow, but the crown was more than authorities had counted on. Standees lined both extension walls of the the shell and occupied every point of vantage. The aisles of the stands were filled. Hundreds of stood by at the stadium fences on Convent Avenue, 136th sand 138th Streets."
Rimler goes on to note that among the participants was Harry Kaufman, who played the Concerto in F. Todd Duncan (The original Porgy), Anne Brown, Ruby Elzy and the Eva Jessye Choir from the original cast performed selections from Porgy and Bess. A similar memorial took place at the The Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles later that month and was similarly mobbed. At that concert some of the above performers were joined by Fred Astaire singing "They Can't Take That Away from Me" and Oscar Levant, a long time Gershwin colleague and family friend who overcame five years of stage fright to play the Concerto in F. (Rimler, p. 164).
Fred Astaire sings "They Can't Take That Away From Me to Ginger Rogers in the movie Shall We Dance, 1937, the score for which being the last that George Gershwin completed before His death. (The encore performance in the video is from the 1949 movie The Barkleys of Broadway, the last film Fred and Ginger made together.)
The following bibliography of articles from the New York Times (and other publications) appearing during the summer and fall of 2011 and winter of 2012, chronicles a discussion about new productions of the George Gershwin, Ira Gershwin, and Dubose Heyward opera Porgy and Bess.
In a letter to The Times [see below], Mr. Sondheim declared his opposition to filling out the backstory of the characters of the show and changing its ending. His tone was angry, even mean, and while some speculated about ulterior motives, anyone who has read Mr. Sondheim’s opinionated book “Finishing the Hat” knows this argument stems from strongly-held beliefs about “Porgy and Bess.” Ms. [Diane] Paulus [the show's director] will have her chance to prove him wrong, and while she was surely not pleased with this feedback, I suspect it will only increase interest in her production and debate about the show. What was startling about Mr. Sondheim’s letter was its disregard for the diplomatic etiquette usually practiced by artists in the press. It suggested there are things in the theater more important than hurt feelings. (from a column titled "Theater Talk-back: The Good That Comes From Bad Reviews" by Jason Zinoman that appeared in The New York Times , April, 5, 2011.)
The citations below are in chronological order from earliest date to most recent and the links will take you to the articles themselves at NYTimes.com and the sites of other publications. (All The Times articles will be available to subscribers and to those who have not exceeded The Times' limit for viewing articles on line within a given period. --Read more about NY Times Digital subscriptions.)
- Patrick Healy, "It Ain't Necessarily Porgy,"
The New York Times, August, 5, 2011. (Article on the upcoming Diane Paulus production of Porgy and Bess.) - "Inside Porgy and Bess Rehearsals With Audra McDonald and Norm Lewis (Video)," PlayBlog at Playbill.com. (Includes a video featuring Diane Paulus commenting on how the production has been changed from an opera to a musical, with more of a focus on the story. August 8, 2011.
- Stephen Sondheim, Response to the article by Patrick Healy (See above.) about the upcoming production of The Gershwins' Porgy and Bess, The New York Times, August 10, 2011. Diane Paulus Responds, and More on the Revamped ‘Porgy and Bess’ from Times Readers and Various Bloggers.
- Andrea Shea, 'Porgy And Bess': Messing With A Classic, NPR.music.org, August 21, 2011. (from the article: "Bess is still a beautiful drug addict torn between her brutish boyfriend Crown and her growing love for the charming, disabled beggar Porgy. But Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright Suzan-Lori Parks, who was hired to open the script, had lots of questions about what made these characters tick." -- also includes links to other Porgy and Bess related NPR features.
- Zachary Woolfe, "A Classic That Still Vexes as It Pleases," The New York Times, August 28, 2011 (Review of the Tanglewood Music Festival concert performance of Porgy And Bess).
- Jeremy Eichler, "Prelude to at Least One Storm," Boston Globe August 31, 2011 (Review of the Tanglewood Music Festival concert performance of Porgy And Bess).
- Ben Brantley, "Excavations on Catfish Row," The New York Times, September 2, 2011 (Review of The Gershwins' Porgy and Bess, Cambridge MA. -- Brantley refers to the controversy, chronicled above, surrounding this production.)
- Hilton Als, "A New Look for Porgy and Bess," The New Yorker, September 26, 2011 (Als gives the Paulus production a much more positive review than Brantley does: "Diane Paulus's great achievement is to cut through Heyward's muddy folklore and to present us with something more profound."
- Ben Brantley, "A New Storm’s Brewing Down on Catfish Row," (review of The Gershwins' Porgy and Bess, Broadway production, The New York Times, Jan. 13, 2012.
- "Critics Discuss Porgy and Bess": Ben Brantley, the chief theater critic for The New York Times, and Anthony Tommasini, The Times’s chief classical music critic, discuss the new musical production, “The Gershwins’ Porgy and Bess,” based on the 1935 opera, and respond to readers’ comments, The New York Times, January 17, 2012.
- Joe Nocera, "Variations on an Explosive Theme," The New York Times, Jan. 22, 2012. (An op-ed piece on the cultural and musical history of productions of Porgy and Bess.
Late 1932 or early 1933
Listen to George Gershwin playing and commenting on his own works on the Rudy Vallée radio show*. (*aka "The Fleischmann's Yeast Hour"). The recording begins with an introduction of Gershwin who then plays his own arrangement of variations on "Fascinating Rhythm" and "Liza," continues with something a little more unusual, a blues lullaby based on one of his preludes for strings, and concludes with Gershwin waggishly interviewing himself.
George Gershwin introduces selections from his Porgy and Bess on the radio July 19, 1935 before it opened on Broadway at the Alvin Theater on Oct. 10, 1935.
Notes: Sarah Vaughan recorded several albums of Gershwin Songs. Click the album cover or the iTunes link to view to view Sarah Vaughan Sings George Gershwin at iTunes; click the Amazon link to view the remastered version of the same album.
Notes: The Oscar Peterson Trio on this album consists of Peterson on Piano, Ray Brown on Bass and and Ed Thigpen on drums.
- Anything for You
- Ask Me Again
- Beginner's Luck
- Bess, You Is My Woman, Now
- Bidin' My Time (I'm)
- But Not for Me
- Clap Yo' Hands
- Do It Again
- Do, Do, Do
- Embraceable You
- Fascinating Rhythm
- Foggy Day (A)
- For You, For Me, Forevermore
- He Loves and She Loves
- How Long Has This Been Going On?
- I Got Plenty O' Nuthin'
- I Got Rhythm
- I Loves You, Porgy
- I Was Doing All Right
- Isn't It a Pity?
- It Ain't Necessarily So
- I've Got a Crush On You
- Let's Call The Whole Thing Off
- Love Is Here to Stay (Our)
- Love Is In The Air
- Love Walked In
- Luckiest Man In The World
- Man I Love (The)
- My Man's Gone Now
- My One And Only (What Am I Gonna Do?)
- Nice Work If You Can Get It
- Of Thee I Sing
- Oh, Lady Be Good!
- 'S Wonderful
- Shall We Dance?
- Slap That Bass
- Somebody Loves Me
- Somebody Stole My Heart Away
- Someone To Watch Over Me
- Soon
- Stairway To Paradise (I'll Build a)
- Strike Up The Band
- Summertime
- Swanee
- Sweet And Low-Down
- That Certain Feeling
- They All Laughed
- They Can't Take That Away from Me
- Things Are Looking Up
- Who Cares?
Research Resources: George Gershwin
- Amazon (publications by and about, recordings, videos, sheet music, etc.)
- DBOPM (Database Of Popular Music: song list; awards; hit songs; co-writers)
- Discogs.com (songwriting and arranging credits)
- www.gershwin.com (The Official Website of George and Ira Gershwin)
- Indiana University Sheet Music Collection (In Harmony): songwriter
- Internet Broadway Database (Broadway productions and song credits)
- Internet Movie Database (brief biography, filmography, movie song credits)
- Library of Congress (Raymond A. White. "The Gershwin Legacy, The Library Celebrates Contributions of George and Ira." Library of Congress Information Bulletin, (includes brief Bio. and article with photos)
- New York Public Library (catalog entries for books, personal papers, recordings, scores, etc.)
- The New York Times (articles about the songwriter)
- NPR Music (archive of relevant programs often including audio segments)
- PBS Encyclopedia of Songwriters (biography)
- Songwriters Hall of Fame (biography and song list)
- Wikipedia (George Gershwin article)
- Isaac Goldberg. George Gershwin: A Study in American Music. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1931 (republished Ungar, 1958 with supplement by Edith Garson and discography by Alan Dashiell. This is the first biography of Gershwin, written by a good friend and published during his lifetime).
- Merle Armitage, Ed. George Gershwin. New York: Da Capo Press, 1995. (originally published 1938 as a memorial volume for George Gershwin with contributions from many who knew him).
- Kurt List. "George Gershwin's Music: The Greatest American Composer—Alas!" Commentary (December, 1945).
- Edward Jablonski and Lawrence D. Stewart. The Gershwin Years - George and Ira. New York: Doubleday, 1958.
- Alec Wilder, American Popular Song: The Great Innovators, 1900-1950, New York: Oxford University Press, 1972 -- commentary on # songs (pp. 121-162 plus many other references, hardcover Ed.).
- Robert Kimball and Alfred Simon, Eds. The Gershwins: A Pictorial Biography. New York: Atheneum, 1973 (forward by Richard Rodgers, Introduction by John S. Wilson, includes a highly illustrated compendium of recollections by friends and family, diary entries, lyrics, etc. as well as a song list, chronology of shows with songs, discography of original cast recordings and studio recreations, etc.).
- ASCAP Biographical Dictionary, New York: American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers, Cattell/Bowker, Fourth edition, 1980 (dates, collaborators, shows/movies, songs, etc., entry p. 181).
- Roy Hemming, The Melody Lingers On: The Great Songwriters and Their Movie
Musicals, New York: Newmarket Press, 1986 (chapter on George Gershwin). - David Ewen. American Songwriters, An H. W. Wilson Biographical Dictionary. New York: The H. W. Wilson Co., 1987 (includes 146 bios of composers and lyricists). -- a wide selection of used copies is available at abebooks.com (entry pp. 173-181).
- Edward Jablonski. Gershwin A Biography. New York: Doubleday, 1987.
- Deena Rosenberg. Fascinating Rhythm: The Collaboration of George and Ira Gershwin, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1991.
- Gary Marmorstein, Hollywood Rhapsody: Movie Music and Its Makers, 1900-1975,
New York: Schirmer Books, 1997 (discussion and multiple references). - David Schiff. Gershwin: Rhapsody in Blue. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
- Robert Kimball, Ed. The Complete Lyrics Of Ira Gershwin, New York: Alfred A. Knoph, 1993; reprinted as paperback by Da Capo Press, 1998 (includes much material relevant to George, such as publication dates of all songs on which George and Ira collaborated and information about shows and movies they worked on together).
- William Zinsser. Easy to Remember The Great American Songwriters and Their Songs. Jaffrey, New Hampshire: David R. Godine, 2001 (pp. 25-29 plus multiple other references).
- William G. Hyland. George Gershwin: A New Biography. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003.
- Ruth Leon. Gershwin. London: Haus, 2004 (a concise biography).
- Robert Wyatt and John Andrew Johnson, Eds. The George Gershwin Reader. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.
- Howard Pollack. George Gershwin: His Life and Work. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press, 2006.
- Walter Rimler. George Gershwin: An Intimate Portrait. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2009.
- Patrick Healy. "It Ain't Necessarily Porgy." The New York Times: "Arts and Leisure," Sunday, August 7, 2011 (an account of the newly revised musical theater version of Porgy and Bess the opera scheduled first for Cambridge, MA then Broadway in Dec. 2011).
- Michael Feinstein (with Ian Jackman), The Gershwins and Me: A Personal History in Twelve Songs, New York: Simon and Schuster, 2012 (p. 281).
- Thomas S. Hischak. The Oxford Companion to the American Musical: Theatre, Film, and Television. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008 (entry, pp. xx-xxi).
- George Gershwin plays "Looking for a Boy": (Information and video provided by Music is Timeless--bsgs98's Channel.
- Ira Gershwin Talks about George Gershwin: jazzgirl1920s;
- Gershwin plays songs from Strike Up The Band: APCPianoman88;
- George Gershwin introduces selections from Porgy and Bess: newhope123
- Sarah Vaughan Medley: RoundMidNightTV;
- George Gershwin photo: Wikipedia Commons
Notes
- an Irving Caesar comment on George Gershwin's composition method.
- The Gershwins Robert Kimball and Alfred Simon, Eds. New York: Atheneum, 1975
- George Gershwin and Irving Berlin
- Edward Jablonski Gershwin A Biography, New York: Doubleday, 1987 (paper-bound Ed. shown)
- George Gershwin Memorial Concerts
- Walter Rimler George Gershwin: An Intimate Portrait Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2009.
- 1937 Fred Astaire album: Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers at RKO (CD: 2005)
- (note: both albums includes soundtrack version of song on video.)
- cast recording by the Houston Grand Opera, 1990
- cast recording for the 2011-2012 Production of The Gershwins' Porgy and Bess
- For a broad selection of Porgy and Bess recordings, click here .
- The excerpted passage below serves as an introduction to the discussion:
- Sarah Vaughan (1957) album : Sarah Vaughan Sings George Gershwin
- Oscar Peterson (1959) album : Oscar Peterson Plays the George Gershwin Songbook
- Ella Fitzgerald (1959) album : Oh, Lady Be Good Best of the Gershwin Songbook
- Notes : Nelson Riddle Arrangements
- Susannah McCorkle (1996) Album : Someone to Watch Over Me
- Notes : McCorkle's Gershwin songbook album with Allen Farnham (piano) Howard Alden (guitar), Chris Porter (tenor sax/flute) Randy Sandke (trumpet/flugle horn)
Questions
What is George Gershwin?
A month after Gershwin's death in 1937, there was a memorial concert for him at Lewisohn Stadium in New York City, a venue where he had himself performed several times, the last occasion being not long before he died. On that occasion he had been disappointed that only a few thou
How should George Gershwin be cited?
Cite this page as "George Gershwin: reference sources (web and print); selected songs; recordings, videos; miscellany," Cafe Songbook, https://greatamericansongbook.net/pages/songwriters/g_sws/gershwin_george.html
Which Cafe Songbook pages are related?
Also read "They Can't Take That Away from Me" (https://greatamericansongbook.net/pages/songs/t/they_cant_take_that_away_f.html); "Anything for You" (https://greatamericansongbook.net/pages/songs/a/anything_for_you.html); "Ask Me Again" (https://greatamericansongbook.net/pages/songs/a/ask_me_again.html); "Beginner's Luck" (https://greatamericansongbook.net/pages/songs/b/beginners_luck.html).
Cite this page: George Gershwin: reference sources (web and print); selected songs; recordings, videos; miscellany, Cafe Songbook, https://greatamericansongbook.net/pages/songwriters/g_sws/gershwin_george.html